Integration of BIM and GIS in Predicting Flood Damage to Historic Buildings: The Case of Auschwitz Death Camp I

Abstract

Climate change is contributing to an increase in the frequency and intensity of flooding, especially in urban areas, where disruptions to the hydrological cycle increase the risk of "urban flooding." Buildings of historic value are particularly vulnerable, with damage associated with irreversible loss of cultural heritage elements. This study focuses on the use of BIM (Building Information Modeling) and GIS (Geographic Information System) in flood loss analysis of historic buildings. The article discusses a case study of Building No. 17 located on the site of the former Auschwitz I extermination camp. Two flood scenarios were simulated for the study. The results of such analyses can be an important tool in determining the need for additional measures to protect historic buildings from the effects of extreme weather events. The study underscores the need to develop methods for predicting damage to monuments in the face of extreme natural phenomena, especially floods, which pose an increasing threat.